Indoor Air sciences CSMI Practice Exam

Which agents are known to cause hypersensitivity diseases?

1. Vehicle exhaust and viruses

2. VOCs and bacteria

3. Mold and detergents

4. Pollen and asbestos

The correct answer is: VOCs and bacteria

Hypersensitivity diseases, also known as allergic reactions, occur when the immune system overreacts to substances that are typically harmless. The correct option highlights that VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and bacteria can act as agents that trigger such hypersensitivity reactions. VOCs are a group of carbon-containing compounds that easily evaporate at room temperature. They can be emitted from a variety of sources, including paints, cleaning agents, and air fresheners. Some individuals may develop respiratory issues, allergic reactions, or exacerbate existing conditions like asthma when exposed to high levels of certain VOCs. Bacteria can also play a role in hypersensitivity, particularly when they trigger immune responses. Certain bacterial components can provoke allergic reactions, leading to conditions like hypersensitivity pneumonitis. This occurs when the lungs become inflamed due to repeated exposure to inhaled organic dust, which may include bacteria. The other options include substances that might contribute to various health issues but don’t directly correlate with hypersensitivity diseases in the same way. For example, while mold is known to trigger allergic responses, detergents primarily cause irritant reactions rather than true hypersensitivity. Vehicle exhaust and viruses can lead to respiratory issues and infections, but they are not classic triggers for hypersensitivity diseases. P